SEK to NZD Live Rate

Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, Kattegat, and Skagerrak, between Finland and Norway

Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia

62 00 N, 15 00 E

41 00 S, 174 00 E

Europe

Oceania

total: 450,295 sq km

land: 410,335 sq km

water: 39,960 sq km

country comparison to the world: 57

total: 268,838 sq km

land: 264,537 sq km

water: 4,301 sq km

note: includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands

country comparison to the world: 77

almost three times the size of Georgia; slightly larger than California

total: 2,211 km

border countries (2): Finland 545 km, Norway 1,666 km

0 km

3,218 km

15,134 km

territorial sea: 12 nm (adjustments made to return a portion of straits to high seas)

exclusive economic zone: agreed boundaries or midlines

continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

territorial sea: 12 nm

contiguous zone: 24 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin

temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north

temperate with sharp regional contrasts

mostly flat or gently rolling lowlands; mountains in west

predominately mountainous with large coastal plains

mean elevation: 320 m

elevation extremes: lowest point: reclaimed bay of Lake Hammarsjon, near Kristianstad -2.4 m

highest point: Kebnekaise 2,111 m

mean elevation: 388 m

elevation extremes: lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point: Aoraki-Mount Cook 3,724 m

iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver, tungsten, uranium, arsenic, feldspar, timber, hydropower

natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone

agricultural land: 7.5%

arable land 6.4%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 1.1%

forest: 68.7%

other: 23.8% (2011 est.)

agricultural land: 43.2%

arable land 1.8%; permanent crops 0.3%; permanent pasture 41.1%

forest: 31.4%

other: 25.4% (2011 est.)

1,640 sq km (2012)

7,210 sq km (2012)

most Swedes live in the south where the climate is milder and there is better connectivity to mainland Europe; population clusters are found all along the Baltic coast in the east; the interior areas of the north remain sparsely populated

over three-quarters of New Zealanders, including the indigenous Maori, live on the North Island, primarily in urban areas

ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic

earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity

volcanism: significant volcanism on North Island; Ruapehu (2,797 m), which last erupted in 2007, has a history of large eruptions in the past century; Taranaki has the potential to produce dangerous avalanches and lahars; other historically active volcanoes include Okataina, Raoul Island, Tongariro, and White Island

acid rain damage to soils and lakes; pollution of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea

deforestation; soil erosion; native flora and fauna hard-hit by invasive species

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified: Antarctic Seals, Marine Life Conservation

strategic location along Danish Straits linking Baltic and North Seas; Sweden has almost 100,000 lakes, the largest of which, Vanern, is the third largest in Europe

consists of two main islands and a number of smaller islands; South Island, the larger main island, is the 12th largest island in the world and is divided along its length by the Southern Alps; North Island is the 14th largest island in the world and is not as mountainous, but it is marked by volcanism; almost 90% of the population lives in cities and over three-quarters on North Island; Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the world

9,960,487 (July 2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 91

4,510,327 (July 2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 126

noun: Swede(s)

adjective: Swedish

noun: New Zealander(s)

adjective: New Zealand

indigenous population: Swedes with Finnish and Sami minorities; most common countries of origin among immigrants: Syria, Finland, Iraq, Poland, Iran

European 71.2%, Maori 14.1%, Asian 11.3%, Pacific peoples 7.6%, Middle Eastern, Latin American, African 1.1%, other 1.6%, not stated or unidentified 5.4%

note: based on the 2013 census of the usually resident population; percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic group (2013 est.)

Swedish (official)

note: Finnish, Sami, Romani, Yiddish, and Meankieli are official minority languages

English (de facto official) 89.8%, Maori (de jure official) 3.5%, Samoan 2%, Hindi 1.6%, French 1.2%, Northern Chinese 1.2%, Yue 1%, other or not stated 20.5%, New Zealand Sign Language (de jure official)

note: shares sum to 120.8% due to multiple responses on census (2013 est.)

Church of Sweden (Lutheran) 63%, other (includes Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim, Jewish, and Buddhist) 17% (2016 est.)

Christian 44.3% (Catholic 11.6%, Anglican 10.8%, Presbyterian and Congregational 7.8%, Methodist, 2.4%, Pentecostal 1.8%, other 9.9%), Hindu 2.1%, Buddhist 1.4%, Maori Christian 1.3%, Islam 1.1%, other religion 1.4% (includes Judaism, Spiritualism and New Age religions, Baha'i, Asian religions other than Buddhism), no religion 38.5%, not stated or unidentified 8.2%, objected to answering 4.1%

note: based on the 2013 census of the usually resident population; percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one religion (2013 est.)

total dependency ratio: 58.5

youth dependency ratio: 27.4

elderly dependency ratio: 31.1

potential support ratio: 3.2 (2015 est.)

total dependency ratio: 52.9

youth dependency ratio: 30.5

elderly dependency ratio: 22.4

potential support ratio: 4.5 (2015 est.)

total: 41.2 years

male: 40.2 years

female: 42.2 years (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 41

total: 37.9 years

male: 37.1 years

female: 38.8 years (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 64

0.81% (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 128

0.79% (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 132

12.1 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 167

13.2 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 150

9.4 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 57

7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 111

5.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 23

2.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 44

most Swedes live in the south where the climate is milder and there is better connectivity to mainland Europe; population clusters are found all along the Baltic coast in the east; the interior areas of the north remain sparsely populated

over three-quarters of New Zealanders, including the indigenous Maori, live on the North Island, primarily in urban areas

urban population: 86.1% of total population (2017)

rate of urbanization: 0.86% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

urban population: 86.4% of total population (2017)

rate of urbanization: 0.98% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

STOCKHOLM (capital) 1.486 million (2015)

Auckland 1.344 million; WELLINGTON (capital) 383,000 (2015)

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female

total population: 1 male(s)/female (2017 est.)

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female

total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2017 est.)

29.1 years (2015 est.)

27.8 years

note: median age at first birth (2009 est.)

4 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 177

11 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 144

total: 2.6 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 2.9 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 2.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 218

total: 4.4 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 4.9 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 183

total population: 82.1 years

male: 80.2 years

female: 84.2 years (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 16

total population: 81.3 years

male: 79.1 years

female: 83.5 years (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 27

1.88 children born/woman (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 141

2.02 children born/woman (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 116

11.9% of GDP (2014)

country comparison to the world: 6

11% of GDP (2014)

country comparison to the world: 14

4.19 physicians/1,000 population (2014)

3.06 physicians/1,000 population (2015)

2.4 beds/1,000 population (2015)

2.8 beds/1,000 population (2013)

improved:

urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved:

urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2015 est.)

improved:

urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved:

urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2015 est.)

improved:

urban: 99.3% of population

rural: 99.6% of population

total: 99.3% of population

unimproved:

urban: 0.7% of population

rural: 0.4% of population

total: 0.7% of population (2015 est.)

0.2% (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 98

NA

11,000 (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 92

NA

<100 (2016 est.)

NA

20.6% (2016)

country comparison to the world: 97

30.8% (2016)

country comparison to the world: 22

7.7% of GDP (2014)

country comparison to the world: 20

6.3% of GDP (2015)

country comparison to the world: 16

total: 18 years

male: 17 years

female: 20 years (2014)

total: 19 years

male: 18 years

female: 20 years (2014)

total: 20.4%

male: 21.2%

female: 19.6% (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 65

total: 13.2%

male: 13.1%

female: 13.4% (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 98

conventional long form: Kingdom of Sweden

conventional short form: Sweden

local long form: Konungariket Sverige

local short form: Sverige

etymology: name ultimately derives from the North Germanic Svear tribe, which inhabited central Sweden and is first mentioned in the first centuries A.D.

conventional long form: none

conventional short form: New Zealand

abbreviation: NZ

etymology: Dutch explorer Abel TASMAN was the first European to reach New Zealand in 1642; he named it Staten Landt, but Dutch cartographers renamed it Nova Zeelandia in 1645 after the Dutch province of Zeeland; British explorer Captain James COOK subsequently anglicized the name to New Zealand when he mapped the islands in 1769

parliamentary constitutional monarchy

parliamentary democracy (New Zealand Parliament) under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm

name: Stockholm

geographic coordinates: 59 20 N, 18 03 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

name: Wellington

geographic coordinates: 41 18 S, 174 47 E

time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in September; ends first Sunday in April

note: New Zealand has two time zones - New Zealand standard time (12 hours in advance of UTC), and Chatham Islands time (45 minutes in advance of New Zealand standard time)

21 counties (lan, singular and plural); Blekinge, Dalarna, Gavleborg, Gotland, Halland, Jamtland, Jonkoping, Kalmar, Kronoberg, Norrbotten, Orebro, Ostergotland, Skane, Sodermanland, Stockholm, Uppsala, Varmland, Vasterbotten, Vasternorrland, Vastmanland, Vastra Gotaland

16 regions and 1 territory*; Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Chatham Islands*, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Manawatu-Wanganui, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Wellington, West Coast

6 June 1523 (Gustav VASA elected king of Sweden, marking the abolishment of the Kalmar Union between Denmark, Norway, and Sweden)

26 September 1907 (from the UK)

National Day, 6 June (1983); note - from 1916 to 1982 this date was celebrated as Swedish Flag Day

Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840); Anzac Day (commemorated as the anniversary of the landing of troops of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps during World War I at Gallipoli, Turkey), 25 April (1915)

history: several previous; latest adopted 1 January 1975

amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires simple majority vote in two consecutive parliamentary terms with an intervening general election; passage also requires approval by simple majority vote in a referendum if Parliament approves a motion for a referendum by one-third of its members; amended several times, last in 2014 (changes to the "Instrument of Government") (2016)

history: New Zealand has no single constitution document; the Constitution Act 1986, effective 1 January 1987, includes only part of the uncodified constitution; others include a collection of statutes or "acts of Parliament," the Treaty of Waitangi, Orders in Council, letters patent, court decisions, and unwritten conventions

amendments: proposed as "bills” by Parliament or by referenda called either by the government or by citizens; passage of a bill as an “act” normally requires two separate readings with committee reviews in between to make changes and corrections, a third reading approved by the House of Representatives membership or by the majority of votes in a referendum, and assent to by the governor-general; passage of amendments to “reserved” constitutional provisions affecting the term of Parliament, electoral districts, and voting restrictions requires approval by 75 percent of the House membership or the majority of votes in a referendum; amended many times, last in 2014 (2018)

civil law system influenced by Roman-Germanic law and customary law

common law system, based on English model, with special legislation and land courts for the Maori

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Sweden; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen of Sweden and the father unknown

dual citizenship recognized: no, unless the other citizenship was acquired involuntarily

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of New Zealand

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 3 years

18 years of age; universal

18 years of age; universal

chief of state: King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 19 September 1973); Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree, daughter of the monarch (born 14 July 1977)

head of government: Prime Minister Stefan LOFVEN (since 3 October 2014); Deputy Prime Minister Isabella LOVIN (since 25 May 2016)

cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister

elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually becomes the prime minister

chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Dame Patricia Lee REDDY (since 28 September 2016)

head of government: Prime Minister Jacinda ARDERN (since 26 October 2017); Deputy Prime Minister Winston PETERS (since 26 October 2017)

cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general; note - Prime Minister ARDERN heads up a minority coalition government consisting of the Labor and New Zealand First parties with support from the Green Party

description: unicameral Parliament or Riksdag (349 seats; 310 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 39 members in "at-large" seats directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)

elections: last held on 14 September 2014 (next to be held on or before 9 September 2018)

election results: percent of vote by party - SAP 31.0%, M 23.3%, SD 12.9%, MP 6.9%, C 6.1%, V 5.7%, L 5.4%, KD 4.6%, other 4.1%; seats by party - SAP 113, M 84, SD 49, MP 25, C 22, V 21, L 19, KD 16

description: unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (usually 120 seats; 70 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies, including 7 Maori constituencies, by simple majority vote and 50 directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 3-year terms)

elections: last held on 23 September 2017 (next to be held in September 2020)

election results: percent of vote by party - National Party 46%, Labor Party 35.9%, NZ First 7.5%, Green Party 5.9%, ACT Party .5%; seats by party - National Party 56, Labor Party 46, NZ First 9, Green Party 8, ACT Party 1

highest court(s): Supreme Court of Sweden (consists of 16 justices including the court chairman); Supreme Administrative Court (consists of 18 justices including the court president)

judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court justices nominated by the Board of Judges, a 9-member nominating body consisting of high-level judges, prosecutors, and members of Parliament; justices appointed by the Government; following a probationary period, justices' appointments are permanent

subordinate courts: first instance, appellate, general, and administrative courts; specialized courts that handle cases such as land and environment, immigration, labor, markets, and patents

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of 5 justices including the chief justice); note - the Supreme Court in 2004 replaced the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London) as the final appeals court

judge selection and term of office: justices appointed by the governor-general on the recommendation of the attorney-general; justices appointed for life

subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; High Court; tribunals and authorities; district courts; specialized courts for issues related to employment, environment, Maori lands, and military

Center Party (Centerpartiet) or C [Annie LOOF]

Christian Democrats (Kristdemokraterna) or KD [Ebba Busch THOR]

Green Party (Miljopartiet de Grona) or MP [Isabella LOVIN and Gustav FRIDOLIN]

Left Party (Vansterpartiet) or V [Jonas SJOSTEDT]

Liberal Party (Liberalerna) or L [Jan BJORKLUND]

Moderate Party (Moderaterna) or M [Ulf KRISTERSSON]

Swedish Social Democratic Party (Socialdemokraterna) or SAP [Stefan LOFVEN]

Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna) or SD [Jimmie AKESSON]

ACT New Zealand [David SEYMOUR]

Green Party [James SHAW]

Mana Movement [Hone HARAWIRA] (formerly Mana Party)

Maori Party [Marama FOX]

New Zealand First Party or NZ First [Winston PETERS]

New Zealand Labor Party [Jacinda ARDERN]

New Zealand National Party [Simon BRIDGES]

United Future New Zealand [Damian LIGHT]

Confederation of Swedish Enterprise (Svenskt Naringsliv) [Carola LEMNE]

Swedish Confederation of Professional Associations or SACO [Goran ARRIUS]

Swedish Confederation of Professional Employees or TCO [Eva NORDMARK]

Swedish Trade Union Confederation (Landsorganisationen) or LO [Karl-Petter THORWALDSSON]

other: environmental groups; media

Women's Electoral Lobby or WEL

other: apartheid groups; civil rights groups; farmers groups; Maori; nuclear weapons groups; women's rights groups

ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNMOGIP, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

ADB, ANZUS (US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986), APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, PIF, SICA (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

chief of mission: Ambassador Karin Ulrika OLOFSDOTTER (since 17 September 2017)

chancery: The House of Sweden, 2900 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20007

telephone: [1] (202) 467-2600

FAX: [1] (202) 467-2699

consulate(s) general: New York

chief of mission: Ambassador Timothy John GROSER (since 28 January 2016)

chancery: 37 Observatory Circle NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone: [1] (202) 328-4800

FAX: [1] (202) 667-5227[1] (202) 667-5227

consulate(s) general: Honolulu (HI), Los Angeles, New York

chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires David E. LINDWALL (since 20 January 2017)

embassy: Dag Hammarskjolds Vag 31, SE-11589 Stockholm

mailing address: American Embassy Stockholm, US Department of State, 5750 Stockholm Place, Washington, DC 20521-5750

telephone: [46] (08) 783 53 00

FAX: [46] (08) 661 19 64

chief of mission: Ambassador Scott P. BROWN (since 27 June 2017) note - also accredited to Samoa

embassy: 29 Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington

mailing address: P. O. Box 1190, Wellington; PSC 467, Box 1, APO AP 96531-1034

telephone: [64] (4) 462-6000

FAX: [64] (4) 499-0490

consulate(s) general: Auckland

blue with a golden yellow cross extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag); the colors reflect those of the Swedish coat of arms - three gold crowns on a blue field

blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation

three crowns, lion; national colors: blue, yellow

Southern Cross constellation (four, five-pointed stars), kiwi (bird), silver fern; national colors: black, white, red (ochre)

name: "Du Gamla, Du Fria" (Thou Ancient, Thou Free)

lyrics/music: Richard DYBECK/traditional

note: in use since 1844; also known as "Sang till Norden" (Song of the North), is based on a Swedish folk tune; it has never been officially adopted by the government; "Kungssangen" (The King's Song) serves as the royal anthem and is played in the presence of the royal family and during certain state ceremonies

name: "God Defend New Zealand"

lyrics/music: Thomas BRACKEN [English], Thomas Henry SMITH [Maori]/John Joseph WOODS

note: adopted 1940 as national song, adopted 1977 as co-national anthem; New Zealand has two national anthems with equal status; as a commonwealth realm, in addition to "God Defend New Zealand," "God Save the Queen" serves as a national anthem (see United Kingdom); "God Save the Queen" normally played only when a member of the royal family or the governor-general is present; in all other cases, "God Defend New Zealand" is played

Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau

Sweden’s small, open, and competitive economy has been thriving and Sweden has achieved an enviable standard of living with its combination of free-market capitalism and extensive welfare benefits. Sweden remains outside the euro zone largely out of concern that joining the European Economic and Monetary Union would diminish the country’s sovereignty over its welfare system.

Timber, hydropower, and iron ore constitute the resource base of a manufacturing economy that relies heavily on foreign trade. Exports, including engines and other machines, motor vehicles, and telecommunications equipment, account for more than 44% of GDP. Sweden enjoys a current account surplus of about 5% of GDP, which is one of the highest margins in Europe.

GDP grew an estimated 3.3% in 2016 and 2017 driven largely by investment in the construction sector. Economic growth is expected to ease slightly in the coming years as this investment subsides. Global economic growth boosted exports of Swedish manufactures further, helping drive domestic economic growth in 2017. The central bank is keeping an eye on deflationary pressures and is expected to maintain its expansionary monetary policy in 2018. Swedish prices and wages have grown only slightly over the past few years, helping to support the country’s competitiveness.

In the short and medium term Sweden’s economic challenges include keeping rising house prices in check and successfully integrating migrants into the labor market.

Over the past 40 years, the government has transformed New Zealand from an agrarian economy, dependent on concessionary British market access, to a more industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. This dynamic growth has boosted real incomes, but left behind some at the bottom of the ladder and broadened and deepened the technological capabilities of the industrial sector.

Per capita income rose for 10 consecutive years until 2007 in purchasing power parity terms, but fell in 2008-09. Debt-driven consumer spending drove robust growth in the first half of the decade, fueling a large balance of payments deficit that posed a challenge for policymakers. Inflationary pressures caused the central bank to raise its key rate steadily from January 2004 until it was among the highest in the OECD in 2007 and 2008. The higher rate attracted international capital inflows, which strengthened the currency and housing market while aggravating the current account deficit. Rising house prices, especially in Auckland, have become a political issue in recent years, as well as a policy challenge in 2016 and 2017, as the ability to afford housing has declined for many.

Expanding New Zealand’s network of free trade agreements remains a top foreign policy priority. New Zealand was an early promoter of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and was the second country to ratify the agreement in May 2017. Following the United States’ withdrawal from the TPP in January 2017, on 10 November 2017 the remaining 11 countries agreed on the core elements of a modified agreement, which they renamed the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP). In November 2016, New Zealand opened negotiations to upgrade its FTA with China; China is one of New Zealand’s most important trading partners.

$521.7 billion (2017 est.)

$506 billion (2016 est.)

$490.4 billion (2015 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars

country comparison to the world: 39

$185.7 billion (2017 est.)

$179.5 billion (2016 est.)

$173.3 billion (2015 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars

country comparison to the world: 70

$541.9 billion (2017 est.)

$200.8 billion (2017 est.)

3.1% (2017 est.)

3.2% (2016 est.)

4.1% (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 108

3.5% (2017 est.)

3.6% (2016 est.)

3.2% (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 94

$51,300 (2017 est.)

$50,600 (2016 est.)

$49,800 (2015 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars

country comparison to the world: 26

$38,500 (2017 est.)

$37,800 (2016 est.)

$37,300 (2015 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars

country comparison to the world: 47

29.9% of GDP (2017 est.)

29.2% of GDP (2016 est.)

28.9% of GDP (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 24

21.1% of GDP (2017 est.)

20.5% of GDP (2016 est.)

20.1% of GDP (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 82

household consumption: 44.2%

government consumption: 25.4%

investment in fixed capital: 25.3%

investment in inventories: 0.3%

exports of goods and services: 45.5%

imports of goods and services: -40.7% (2017 est.)

household consumption: 57.1%

government consumption: 18.4%

investment in fixed capital: 23.2%

investment in inventories: 0.3%

exports of goods and services: 27.4%

imports of goods and services: -26.4% (2017 est.)

agriculture: 1.6%

industry: 33%

services: 65.4% (2017 est.)

agriculture: 3.9%

industry: 26.2%

services: 69.9% (2017 est.)

barley, wheat, sugar beets; meat, milk

dairy products, sheep, beef, poultry, fruit, vegetables, wine, seafood, wheat and barley

iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, motor vehicles

agriculture, forestry, fishing, logs and wood articles, manufacturing, mining, construction, financial services, real estate services, tourism

2.5% (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 115

2.5% (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 111

5.361 million (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 77

2.655 million (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 114

agriculture: 2%

industry: 12%

services: 86% (2014 est.)

agriculture: 7%

industry: 19%

services: 74% (2006 est.)

6.6% (2017 est.)

7% (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 93

4.9% (2017 est.)

5.1% (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 66

15% (2014 est.)

NA%

lowest 10%: 3.4%

highest 10%: 24% (2012 est.)

lowest 10%: NA%

highest 10%: NA%

24.9 (2013 est.)

25 (1992 est.)

country comparison to the world: 151

36.2 (1997 est.)

country comparison to the world: 92

revenues: $274.8 billion

expenditures: $269.9 billion (2017 est.)

revenues: $73.2 billion

expenditures: $71.9 billion (2017 est.)

50.7% of GDP (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 15

36.4% of GDP (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 49

0.9% of GDP (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 19

0.7% of GDP (2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 21

39% of GDP (2017 est.)

41.7% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions

country comparison to the world: 138

32% of GDP (2017 est.)

33.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 159

calendar year

1 April - 31 March

note: this is the fiscal year for tax purposes

1.6% (2017 est.)

1.1% (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 73

2.2% (2017 est.)

0.6% (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 106

-0.5% (31 December 2016 est.)

-0.35% (31 December 2015 est.)

note:: the Discount rate was abolished in 2002, and replaced by a "Reference rate" with no bearing on monetary policy; the rate quoted here is the Reference rate

country comparison to the world: 161

2.5% (31 December 2009 est.)

5% (31 December 2008 est.)

country comparison to the world: 114

2% (31 December 2017 est.)

1.85% (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 177

4.9% (31 December 2017 est.)

5.02% (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 147

$339.9 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$273.5 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 15

$44.4 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$42.01 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 56

$395.8 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$321.3 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 29

$199.9 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$190 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 40

$953.1 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$748.6 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 17

$300.9 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$284.7 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 38

$560.5 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

$470.1 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

$581.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 21

$74.35 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

$74.42 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

$65.96 billion (31 December 2013 est.)

country comparison to the world: 45

$21.4 billion (2017 est.)

$23.07 billion (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 17

$-7.17 billion (2017 est.)

$-5.013 billion (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 181

$169.7 billion (2017 est.)

$151.4 billion (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 30

$37.35 billion (2017 est.)

$33.61 billion (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 55

machinery 35%, motor vehicles, paper products, pulp and wood, iron and steel products, chemicals (2012 est.)

dairy products, meat and edible offal, logs and wood articles, fruit, crude oil, wine

Germany 10.6%, Norway 10.4%, US 7.3%, Denmark 7%, Finland 6.8%, UK 6%, Netherlands 5.4%, Belgium 4.7%, France 4.4% (2016)

China 19.4%, Australia 17.1%, US 10.9%, Japan 6.2% (2016)

$154.8 billion (2017 est.)

$139.9 billion (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 29

$38.74 billion (2017 est.)

$35.53 billion (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 58

machinery, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, motor vehicles, iron and steel; foodstuffs, clothing

petroleum and products, mechanical machinery, vehicles and parts, electrical machinery, textiles

Germany 18.8%, Netherlands 8.2%, Norway 7.8%, Denmark 7.6%, China 5.6%, UK 5.2%, Belgium 4.6%, Finland 4.5%, France 4.1% (2016)

China 19.9%, Australia 12.6%, US 11.3%, Japan 7.1%, Germany 4.8%, Thailand 4.5%, South Korea 4.2% (2016)

$59.39 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

$59.39 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 37

$18.32 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$17.81 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 63

$939.9 billion (31 March 2016 est.)

$929.4 billion (31 March 2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 17

$88.08 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$84.03 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 54

$405.1 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$390.5 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 20

$78.25 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$77.31 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 52

$495.7 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$479.3 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 17

$59.08 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

country comparison to the world: 41

Swedish kronor (SEK) per US dollar -

8.44 (2017 est.)

8.56 (2016 est.)

8.56 (2015 est.)

8.43 (2014 est.)

6.86 (2013 est.)

New Zealand dollars (NZD) per US dollar -

1.42 (2017 est.)

1.43 (2016 est.)

1.43 (2015 est.)

1.43 (2014 est.)

1.2 (2013 est.)

electrification - total population: 100% (2016)

electrification - total population: 100% (2016)

154.3 billion kWh (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 25

42.77 billion kWh (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 58

125.4 billion kWh (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 30

39.93 billion kWh (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 57

26.02 billion kWh (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 7

0 kWh (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 181

14.29 billion kWh (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 17

0 kWh (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 184

39.67 million kW (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 26

9.454 million kW (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 65

6.3% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 204

24% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 191

24.3% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 5

0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 160

40.9% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 50

56.5% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 31

30% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 13

19.7% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 31

0 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 197

34,730 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 60

0 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 194

30,560 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 49

393,900 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 23

109,200 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 42

0 bbl (1 January 2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 196

56.9 million bbl (1 January 2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 79

418,700 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 38

117,100 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 65

320,200 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 42

167,700 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 63

336,300 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 25

3,863 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 102

220,300 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 30

54,750 bbl/day (2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 78

0 cu m (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 199

4.954 billion cu m (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 51

1.25 billion cu m (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 94

9.08 billion cu m (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 56

0 cu m (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 187

0 cu m (2014 est.)

country comparison to the world: 163

812 million cu m (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 63

0 cu m (2014 est.)

country comparison to the world: 171

0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)

country comparison to the world: 197

35.88 billion cu m (1 January 2017 est.)

country comparison to the world: 69

62 million Mt (2015 est.)

country comparison to the world: 55

37 million Mt (2013 est.)

country comparison to the world: 72

total subscriptions: 3,104,305

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34 (July 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 50

total subscriptions: 1.76 million

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 41 (July 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 62

total: 12,543,188

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 126 (July 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 74

total: 5.8 million

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 129 (July 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 113

general assessment: highly developed telecommunications infrastructure; ranked among leading countries for fixed-line, mobile-cellular, Internet, and broadband penetration

domestic: coaxial and multiconductor cables carry most of the voice traffic; parallel microwave radio relay systems carry some additional telephone channels

international: country code - 46; submarine cables provide links to other Nordic countries and Europe; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Sweden shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Norway) (2016)

general assessment: excellent domestic and international systems

domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership exceeds 170 per 100 persons

international: country code - 64; the Southern Cross submarine cable system provides links to Australia, Fiji, and the US; satellite earth stations - 8 (1 Inmarsat - Pacific Ocean, 7 other) (2016)

publicly owned TV broadcaster operates 2 terrestrial networks plus regional stations; multiple privately owned TV broadcasters operating nationally, regionally, and locally; about 50 local TV stations; widespread access to pan-Nordic and international broadcasters through multi-channel cable and satellite TV; publicly owned radio broadcaster operates 3 national stations and a network of 25 regional channels; roughly 100 privately owned local radio stations with some consolidating into near national networks; an estimated 900 community and neighborhood radio stations broadcast intermittently (2008)

state-owned Television New Zealand operates multiple TV networks and state-owned Radio New Zealand operates 3 radio networks and an external shortwave radio service to the South Pacific region; a small number of national commercial TV and radio stations and many regional commercial television and radio stations are available; cable and satellite TV systems are available, as are a range of streaming services, as are a range of streaming services (2018)

.se

.nz

total: 9,041,427

percent of population: 91.5% (July 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 50

total: 3,958,642

percent of population: 88.5% (July 2016 est.)

country comparison to the world: 89

number of registered air carriers: 8

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 219

annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 11,623,930

annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 0 mt-km (2015)

number of registered air carriers: 6

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 123

annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 15,304,409

annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 999,384,961 mt-km (2015)

SE (2016)

ZK (2016)

231 (2013)

country comparison to the world: 25

123 (2013)

country comparison to the world: 48

total: 149

over 3,047 m: 3

2,438 to 3,047 m: 12

1,524 to 2,437 m: 75

914 to 1,523 m: 22

under 914 m: 37 (2013)

total: 39

over 3,047 m: 2

2,438 to 3,047 m: 1

1,524 to 2,437 m: 12

914 to 1,523 m: 23

under 914 m: 1 (2017)

total: 82

914 to 1,523 m: 5

under 914 m: 77 (2013)

total: 84

1,524 to 2,437 m: 3

914 to 1,523 m: 33

under 914 m: 48 (2013)

2 (2013)

gas 1,626 km (2013)

condensate 331 km; gas 2,500 km; liquid petroleum gas 172 km; oil 288 km; refined products 198 km (2018)

total: 14,127 km

standard gauge: 14,062 km 1.435-m gauge (12,322 km electrified)

narrow gauge: 65 km 0.891-m gauge (65 km electrified) (2016)

country comparison to the world: 20

total: 4,128 km

narrow gauge: 4,128 km 1.067-m gauge (506 km electrified) (2018)

country comparison to the world: 44

total: 573,134 km (includes 2,050 km of expressways)

paved: 140,100 km

unpaved: 433,034 km

note: includes 98,500 km of state roads, 433,034 km of private roads, and 41,600 km of municipal roads (2016)

country comparison to the world: 13

total: 94,000 km

paved: 61,600 km (includes 199 km of expressways)

unpaved: 32,400 km (2017)

country comparison to the world: 52

2,052 km (2010)

country comparison to the world: 40

total: 368

by type: general cargo 71, oil tanker 23, other 274 (2017)

country comparison to the world: 47

total: 103

by type: general cargo 16, oil tanker 4, other 83 (2017)

country comparison to the world: 83

major seaport(s): Brofjorden, Goteborg, Helsingborg, Karlshamn, Lulea, Malmo, Stockholm, Trelleborg, Visby

LNG terminal(s) (import): Brunnsviksholme, Lysekil

major seaport(s): Auckland, Lyttelton, Manukau Harbor, Marsden Point, Tauranga, Wellington

1.1% of GDP (2017)

1.04% of GDP (2016)

1.09% of GDP (2015)

1.14% of GDP (2014)

1.13% of GDP (2013)

country comparison to the world: 110

1.1% of GDP (2017)

1.13% of GDP (2016)

1.11% of GDP (2015)

1.13% of GDP (2014)

1.12% of GDP (2013)

country comparison to the world: 106

Swedish Armed Forces (Forsvarsmakten): Army (Armen), Royal Swedish Navy (Marinen), Swedish Air Force (Svenska Flygvapnet) (2018)

New Zealand Defense Force (NZDF): New Zealand Army, Royal New Zealand Navy, Royal New Zealand Air Force) (2018)

18-47 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; Swedish citizenship required; service obligation: 7.5 months (Army), 7-15 months (Navy), 8-12 months (Air Force); after completing initial service, soldiers have a reserve commitment until age 47; compulsory military service, abolished in 2010, was reinstated in 2018 (2018)

17 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiers cannot be deployed until the age of 18; no conscription; 3 years of secondary education required; must be a citizen of NZ, the UK, Australia, Canada, or the US, and resident of NZ for the previous 5 years (2018)

none

asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency)

refugees (country of origin): 96,914 (Syria); 25,968 (Eritrea); 21,693 (Iraq); 22,548 (Somalia); 16,558 (Afghanistan) (2016)

stateless persons: 36,036 (2016); note - the majority of stateless people are from the Middle East and Somalia

significant consumer of amphetamines